<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe
                class="youtube-player"
                src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/IuKfJN27w_g?version=3&rel=1&showsearch=0&showinfo=1&iv_load_policy=1&fs=1&hl=en&autohide=2&wmode=transparent"
                allowfullscreen="true"
                style="border: 0px; display: block; margin: 0px; width: 740px; height: 416.418px;"
                sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation"
                data-ratio="0.5627272727272727" data-width="1100" data-height="619"></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
Measuring and burning PCB tracks. 
    </div>
    
    <div class="blog-content-links">
        <div>
            Links:
        </div>
        <ul class="links-list">
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/eric-bogatin-368860/">Eric's Linked In</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://youtu.be/LQ20GBonRmA">PCB Simulation vs. Real Board - DC Currents and Voltage drop</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://fedevel.com/courses">FEDEVEL Online courses</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>  
</div>

How Much Current Will Destroy a PCB Track? | Track resistance measurements

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe
                class="youtube-player"
                src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/UpFd6ubqTLI?version=3&rel=1&showsearch=0&showinfo=1&iv_load_policy=1&fs=1&hl=en&autohide=2&wmode=transparent"
                allowfullscreen="true"
                style="border: 0px; display: block; margin: 0px; width: 740px; height: 416.418px;"
                sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation"
                data-ratio="0.5627272727272727" data-width="1100" data-height="619"></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
Op-amps explained: how they work and what are their important parameters. 
    </div>

  <div class="blog-content-chapters">
        <div>
            Chapters:
        </div>
        <ul class="chapters-list">
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">00:00</span><span class="chapters-text">What is this video about</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">00:29</span><span class="chapters-text">Why to use operational amplifier</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">02:21</span><span class="chapters-text">Ideal op amp</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">07:00</span><span class="chapters-text">How inverting op amp works</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">12:13</span><span class="chapters-text">How non-inverting op amp works</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">13:25</span><span class="chapters-text">Op amp working as a buffer</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">15:42</span><span class="chapters-text">Op amp working as a current reference</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">20:09</span><span class="chapters-text">Input offset voltage</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">28:15</span><span class="chapters-text">Input offset voltage simulation</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">30:50</span><span class="chapters-text">Input offset voltage measurement</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">35:04</span><span class="chapters-text">Input bias current</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">37:20</span><span class="chapters-text">Input bias current measurement</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">41:00</span><span class="chapters-text">Op-amp Bandwidth</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">43:59</span><span class="chapters-text">Op-amp Bandwidth measurement</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">48:50</span><span class="chapters-text">Op-amp Bandwidth simulation</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">50:23</span><span class="chapters-text">Operational amplifier slew rate</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">51:28</span><span class="chapters-text">Slew rate simulation</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">53:07</span><span class="chapters-text">Slew rate measurement</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">55:48</span><span class="chapters-text">Slew rate impact to sinusoidal output</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:00:28</span><span class="chapters-text">Op amp noise</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:07:38</span><span class="chapters-text">Op amp noise measurement</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:10:57</span><span class="chapters-text">Op amp noise simulation</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:15:36</span><span class="chapters-text">Input and output voltage swing</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:16:45</span><span class="chapters-text">Common mode range</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:19:14</span><span class="chapters-text">Common mode range simulation</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:20:04</span><span class="chapters-text">Common mode range measurement</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:22:31</span><span class="chapters-text">Op amp output range</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:28:17</span><span class="chapters-text">Op-amp stability</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:29:59</span><span class="chapters-text">Op-amp stability simulation</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:32:20</span><span class="chapters-text">Op-amp stability measurement</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:38:51</span><span class="chapters-text">pH Electrometer solution - practical example</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:46:19</span><span class="chapters-text">Measuring pH</span></li>
    </div>
    
    <div class="blog-content-links">
        <div>
            Links:
        </div>
        <ul class="links-list">
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/arthur-kay-a5201929/">Arthur´s LinkedIn</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/zach-olson-vt/">Zach´s LinkedIn</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://fedevel.com/courses">FEDEVEL Online courses</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>  
</div>

Everything Important About OP AMP (Operational amplifier)

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe
                class="youtube-player"
                src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/pdzQ-kgLbFw?version=3&rel=1&showsearch=0&showinfo=1&iv_load_policy=1&fs=1&hl=en&autohide=2&wmode=transparent"
                allowfullscreen="true"
                style="border: 0px; display: block; margin: 0px; width: 740px; height: 416.418px;"
                sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation"
                data-ratio="0.5627272727272727" data-width="1100" data-height="619"></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
This video includes explanation of battery charging and safety schematic circuits. 
    </div>
    

    <div class="blog-content-chapters">
        <div>
            Chapters:
        </div>
        <ul class="chapters-list">
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">00:00</span><span class="chapters-text">What is this video about</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">01:33</span><span class="chapters-text">Types of cells and batteries</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">05:43</span><span class="chapters-text">CID and PTC battery protection</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">08:44</span><span class="chapters-text">Prismatic cells</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">10:37</span><span class="chapters-text">Pouch cells</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">16:02</span><span class="chapters-text">Lithium Ion (Li-Ion)</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">17:28</span><span class="chapters-text">Peak charge and nominal voltage, end of discharge voltage</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">20:30</span><span class="chapters-text">Thermal runaway</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">22:32</span><span class="chapters-text">Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4)</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">26:15</span><span class="chapters-text">Nickel Metal Hydride (NIHM)</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">29:23</span><span class="chapters-text">How cells are connected together</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">32:31</span><span class="chapters-text">Battery testing standards</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">36:38</span><span class="chapters-text">Battery safety circuit - Safety features</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">44:28</span><span class="chapters-text">Battery safety schematic circuit explained</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">55:31</span><span class="chapters-text">Safety circuit integrated in batteries, shipping and transport</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:06:04</span><span class="chapters-text">Battery charging schematic circuit explained</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:21:01</span><span class="chapters-text">Battery charging schematic circuit example 2</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:27:23</span><span class="chapters-text">About Alex</span></li>
            </span></li>
        </ul>
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-links">
        <div>
            Links:
        </div>
        <ul class="links-list">
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/alex-norman-eetengineer/">Alex´ LinkedIn</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@eetengineer">Alex´s Youtube</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://fedevel.com/courses">FEDEVEL Online courses</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>  
</div>

Powering Up Your Board From a Battery? You need to know this ...


<div class="entry-content">

    <div class="blog-content">
        These pictures are from a PCB which I have used in one of my latest designs. The PCB was cut in half to check real stackup and track dimensions. It is incredible how small things PCB manufactures can do.
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-img-wrapper">
        <img src="https://assets.fedevel.com/blog/2019/10/5dab5-pcb-stackup-cut-1.jpg" alt="PCB stackup cut 1" />
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-img-wrapper">
        <img src="https://assets.fedevel.com/blog/2019/10/8d788-pcb-stackup-cut-2.jpg" alt="PCB stackup cut 2" />
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-img-wrapper">
        <img src="https://assets.fedevel.com/blog/2019/10/88e58-pcb-stackup-cut-3.jpg" alt="PCB stackup cut 3" />
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-img-wrapper">
        <img src="https://assets.fedevel.com/blog/2019/10/ac6fb-pcb-stackup-cut-4.jpg" alt="PCB stackup cut 4" />
    </div>
</div>

A cut through PCB with 50um tracks – Pictures

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="blog-content-img-wrapper">
        <img src="https://assets.fedevel.com/blog/2019/10/23a3a-fedevel-fb-cover.png" alt="FEDEVEL FB Cover" />
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content">
        I am thinking to run this course, because I believe you will learn something new and useful. I don’t want to waste your time. I have been on several courses and I almost fell asleep within 10 minutes from beginning. Many courses are about bla bla bla and really really really boring. I will try to be much better and be very practical.
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content">
        <h2 class="blog-content-heading">The Course</h2>
        The course will teach you about techniques and best practise which I learned over the last 10 years while designing motherboards, processor and microcontroller boards.<br><br>

        The course is designed for everyone – from electronic beginners/hobbyist to design engineers. It will show the ways how you can design boards more effectively and produce professional outputs. It gives you tips and tricks to help you to design boards which works at first time.<br><br>

        The course is practically based and will teach you everything by actually doing it. You will design your own Microcontroller board from scratch. By the end of the course you will create all production ready manufacturing outputs. And, if there is interest, I will manage manufacturing of your PCB and everyone will get components to build your own board designed during the course.
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content">
        <h2 class="blog-content-heading">Content of the course</h2>
        <ul class="content-list">
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>Starting new project</b> (Useful folder structure, Importing reference schematic, Collecting and sorting documents)</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>Schematic design</b> (Drawing schematic, Conventions and useful tips to create well readable schematic)</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>Selecting components and creating libraries</b> (About how to select components for your designs to prevent problems during production and about how to create useful libraries)</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>Variants & BOMs</b> (Creating and using variants, generating professional BOMs)</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>Checking Libraries and Schematic</b> (Explains techniques to properly check your libraries & schematic to help you design boards which work right at the first time)</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>3D model of your PCB</b> (You will learn how to create 3D model of your PCB and why)</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>Placement</b> (How to do placement, tips & tricks )</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>PCB layout</b> (How to do layout, what is important)</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>Impedances and Stackup</b> (How to design your own stackup)</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>Finishing your PCB and Manufacturing</b> (How to check your PCB and add important information for manufacturers, Assembly drawings, Gerber files)</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>Generating Output documentation</b> (How to generate professional documentation)</span></li>
        </ul>
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content">
        <h2 class="blog-content-heading">More Information</h2>
        <b>Schedule</b><br>
        Starting again in MAY-2013, duration 10 weeks (<a href="https://fedevel.com/courses/advanced-hardware-design">check the next start day here</a>)<br><br>

        <b>Workload</b><br>
        10 hours per week<br><br>

        <b>More information</b><br>
        You can find more information at <a href="https://fedevel.com/courses/advanced-hardware-design">FEDEVEL Academy Program</a> website<br><br>

        <b>Technical Requirements</b><br>
        You need a computer that allows you to run Altium Designer and watch the video lectures, and the ability to upload your projects. I will try to get Altium Designer licence for you during the course.
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content">
        <h2 class="blog-content-heading">About Instructor</h2>
        Robert Feranec (36), started designing advanced boards during PhD study. He designed his first Linux OS running board in 2002 and his first x86 board in 2004. Next 5 years (2005-2010), Robert spent in the UK designing processor boards. Since 2010 he has been working for different clients around the world as an independent contractor. Robert’s skills and knowledge are in designing Schematic and doing PCB layout for advanced digital boards such motherboards or processor boards.
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-links">
        <div>
            Links:
        </div>
        <ul class="links-list">
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://fedevel.com/courses/advanced-hardware-design">FEDEVEL Academy Program</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>  
</div>

Schematic & PCB Design Course, led by Motherboard Designer

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe
                class="youtube-player"
                src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/EWxLPnJOZ9w?version=3&rel=0&showsearch=0&showinfo=1&iv_load_policy=1&fs=1&hl=en&autohide=2&wmode=transparent"
                allowfullscreen="true"
                style="border: 0px; display: block; margin: 0px; width: 740px; height: 416.418px;"
                sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation"
                data-ratio="0.5627272727272727" data-width="1100" data-height="619"></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
        This short video demonstrates the way I do component placement in Altium Designer. The board in the video has more than 1200 components. Hope you find it useful.
    </div> 
</div>


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Altium Designer – Component Placement Tutorial

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How Much Current Will Destroy a PCB Track? | Track resistance measurements

Everything Important About OP AMP (Operational amplifier)

Powering Up Your Board From a Battery? You need to know this ...

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